The Central Anticorruption Bureau (hereinafter: "CBA") is a special service that combats corruption in public and private sector, especially in the State and self-government institutions, as well as fights against any activity which may endanger the State's economic interests.

The CBA was established by the Central Anticorruption Bureau Bill of 9 June 2006 which entered into force on 24 July 2006. The Central Anticorruption Bureau is situated in Warsaw. The Bill is a result of works of the Office of the Government Plenipotentiary for Developing a Programme for Combating Abuse in Public Institutions situated at the Chancellery of the Prime Minister.

The Central Anticorruption Bureau is a centralized government administration office. The Head of the CBA is a central public administration body supervised by the Prime Minister. The Head of the CBA shall be appointed and recalled by the Prime Minister, with the consent of: the President of the Republic of Poland, the Committee for Special Services and the Parliamentary Special Services Committee, for a period of 4 years, which may be prolonged only once.